Can the three black industries of the hottest stee

Can the three black industries of steel, nonferrous metals and coal turn green

the proposal of the CPC Central Committee on formulating the 13th five year plan for national economic and social development puts forward that we should support green and clean production, promote the green transformation of traditional manufacturing industry, and promote the establishment of a green and low-carbon industrial system that can be developed by placing or receiving calls by using the two-way call function. Then, with the 13th five year plan approaching, can these industries achieve a green turn under the general trend of practicing green development? At the 2015 China Circular Economy Forum held recently, experts in relevant fields were interviewed

iron and steel industry: create a new generation of iron and steel process

Huang Dao, director of the Department of development, science, technology and environmental protection of China Iron and Steel Industry Association, believes that the realization of green development of the 13th five year plan iron and steel industry should be based on end treatment, energy conservation and emission reduction, cleaner production, circular economy, low-carbon economy, industrial ecological chain and green manufacturing, Form a development mode characterized by a new generation of iron and steel processes with good economic, environmental and social benefits, with the following we will teach you the working principle of digital sensors of electronic universal experimental machines, preparation of iron and steel product manufacturing, energy conversion, waste treatment and absorption, and re resourcing

however, he pointed out that at present, iron and steel enterprises still face a series of problems in realizing green development. Specifically: first, backward production capacity has hindered the improvement of energy conservation and emission reduction in the industry

second, the efficiency of energy utilization and water resources utilization in iron and steel enterprises needs to be further improved. The level of secondary energy recycling and water resources utilization among enterprises varies greatly, and there is an imbalance between enterprises; There is still potential in the utilization of medium and low temperature waste heat resources, and there is great room for development in the utilization of unconventional water resources; There is a certain gap in the level of energy management and water resources management compared with foreign countries

third, the level of independent innovation is not high, and the innovation environment needs to be improved. The research and development of circular economy breakthrough technologies in the iron and steel industry costs a lot of money, takes a long time and covers a wide range, which can not be borne by an enterprise or an industry, and requires national financial support and inter industry coordination. However, there are few enterprises with independent technological innovation ability in this field in China, and there are large differences in technological levels among enterprises, which lack the momentum to drive development

fourth, the circulation between the steel industry and other industries and society needs to be strengthened. The circular economy ecological industrial chain between the steel industry and building materials, chemical industry, electric power and other related industries has not been fully established

fifth, the incentive policy of circular economy is not in place. The comprehensive utilization projects of enterprises using waste heat and pressure to generate electricity and other resources cannot obtain effective certification and enjoy national rewards; The lack of financial support for common circular economy technologies such as the utilization of steel slag and tailings makes it difficult to promote them

he revealed that at present, the 13th five year plan for green development of the iron and steel industry has been formulated, and will focus on the promotion of system integrated sintering production process energy conservation and emission reduction technology, system integrated flue gas dry purification and waste heat and residual pressure comprehensive utilization technology, system integrated metallurgical slag treatment and utilization and waste heat utilization technology in the process, through the application of dry quenching, blast furnace dry dedusting, converter dry dedusting three dry technologies, etc, Realize the efficient transfer and utilization of energy, efficient and recycling of water resources, efficient and recycling of iron resources, and carry out efficient and harmless treatment of pollution, so as to realize dezincification of waste residue, desalination of waste water, and desulfurization of waste gas

in the next step, we should build a number of resource-saving and environment-friendly demonstration enterprises, which should aim at zero emissions and build three recycling chains of solid waste, industrial water and secondary energy recycling in the production process. Vigorously promote energy-saving technology, strengthen coke dry quenching, sintering waste heat recovery, converter waste heat recovery, heating furnace waste heat steam recovery and other work; Improve and promote sintering air leakage transformation, dehumidification blast of blast furnace, gas steam combined cycle power generation and other technologies; Research and develop cutting-edge technologies such as non blast furnace ironmaking, slag waste heat recovery and utilization, and blast furnace injection of reducing gas

Huang Dao also said that the deep integration with other related industries is the fundamental way out for the steel industry to develop a circular economy. The steel industry should focus on the needs of downstream users, strive to develop materials with higher strength, longer service life and more environmental protection, improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of steel, and reduce the consumption of steel in the whole life cycle; Focus on the construction of circular economy industrial chain between iron and steel enterprises and building materials, chemical industry, electric power and other enterprises

non ferrous industry: recycling has inherent advantages

green development is the new requirement and the main line of industrial transformation, circular development is to improve the efficiency of resources, and low-carbon development is the adjustment of energy structure. For the process industry, especially the non-ferrous metal industry, green development is the focus of the 13th five year plan. Qiu Dingfan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering and former vice president of Beijing Mining Research Institute, pointed out that China's non-ferrous metal industry urgently needs to be green

in recent years, the non-ferrous metal industry has made great progress in science and technology, and the comprehensive energy consumption of copper smelting, alumina, lead smelting, electrolytic zinc and other indicators have shown a significant downward trend. However, due to the rapid development of the non-ferrous metal industry, although the emission ratio has been significantly reduced, the emission continues to increase. Qiu Dingfan said that the core of green development, circular development and low-carbon development is the efficient utilization of resources and the minimum emission of pollutants. The development of China's non-ferrous metal industry is facing the constraints of resources, environment and energy, and the realization of industrial greening is an inevitable way. However, the greening of non-ferrous metal industry needs the close integration of government, industry, learning and research, which is possible to be finally realized

the greening of non-ferrous metal industry must first change the mode of economic growth. If China's major non-ferrous metal output continues to grow, it will be difficult to achieve greening. Our analysis shows that during the 13th Five Year Plan period, the output of the non-ferrous metal industry will continue to grow, but the growth rate will be significantly lower than that of the 12th Five Year Plan. About 2020 ~ 2025, the total output and total energy consumption of the non-ferrous metal industry will enter a platform period, and then begin to decline slowly. Qiu Dingfan further said that the price of non-ferrous metals is relatively expensive, and the enthusiasm of enterprises for production will be high. In addition, local governments attach importance to GDP, so it is difficult to reduce production capacity. Therefore, we must change the mode of economic growth, rely on technological progress, and improve the input-output ratio

secondly, energy conservation and emission reduction, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In the past, there was a concept that non-ferrous metals are high energy consuming industries, but specific problems should be treated specifically. For aluminum, it takes more than 30000 kwh to produce a ton of aluminum, and its carbon dioxide emissions account for 86.19% of the whole industry. Therefore, we should tap its carbon dioxide emission reduction potential. For copper, lead and zinc, the main problem is how to reduce pollutant emissions and tap their energy-saving potential. Non ferrous metals have different emphasis on energy conservation and emission reduction. Aluminum, magnesium and silicon should focus on reducing energy consumption, followed by adding. From table 2, we can see that strong environmental protection and resource conservation; Copper, lead and zinc should pay more attention to environmental protection, followed by saving resources and reducing energy consumption. At the same time, Qiu Dingfan also reminded that the non-ferrous and metallurgical industries should pay special attention to the pollution caused by the emission of harmful metals. Once the pollution is caused, all parties will pay a huge price

finally, we should strengthen the recycling of non-ferrous metals. In recent years, China has a high degree of dependence on foreign resources, and a large number of non-ferrous metal resources exist in urban garbage. The future city is the biggest mine. Qiu Dingfan believes that the stable chemical properties and high economic value of non-ferrous metals determine that the recycling of non-ferrous metals has good congenital conditions, but there are still many problems to be solved in pollution control and treatment, product quality, process technology and so on. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to the industry, strive to improve the level of science and technology and management, adopt advanced processes and equipment, and strictly implement the scientific management system, Discover and strengthen unknown research

coal industry: the challenge of green transformation is huge

85% of the industry is at a loss, and mining can be said to be at a loss of more than 90%. Coal has changed from a local tyrant to a poor person, and the pressure of green transformation is very great. Zhangshaoqiang, executive vice president of China coal processing and Utilization Association, said frankly that although the coal industry has always adhered to the practice of green circular development, it is still constrained by many factors

on the one hand, technology still needs further research and development, such as insufficient economic considerations. In addition, the added value of waste resources is low, and enterprises are basically at a loss, affecting their enthusiasm; On the one hand, the comprehensive utilization level has not fully reached the goal of the 12th Five Year Plan; On the other hand, the speed of industrial promotion is much slower than expected. Affected by policy factors such as document No. 87, it has caused great problems for the utilization of three wastes in the coal industry. Zhangshaoqiang revealed that the 13th five year plan of the coal industry is still in the research stage, but considering the industry, the key development direction can be roughly determined as follows: 1 Vigorously promote cleaner production, including plane and zigzag panels, reinforcing plates, beams and columns, glue joints and mechanical joints. 2. Promote the typical experience of circular economy. 3. Promote the integrated development of coal power and coal chemical industry. 4. Orderly develop modern coal chemical industry

Zhang Shaoqiang said with some worry: at present, some indicators formulated by the state are relatively advanced. For example, the raw coal selection rate is now 2.5%, which should be increased to 80% in five years, and the utilization rate of coal gangue should not be less than 80%. These are great challenges